In areas where video surveillance is installed, fewer crimes are committed. This is due both to the engineering task of properly placing cameras and to the psychological and behavioral patterns of offenders.
It is no secret that a well-designed camera layout helps to:
Detect violations,
Recognize faces and vehicle license plates,
Monitor events in real time,
Provide evidence of guilt.
There are many software tools available for designing video surveillance systems, but in the United Kingdom, the most popular among designers is IP Video System Design Tool. Its main advantage lies in 3D camera view modeling—you can preview what each camera will capture in advance.
Cameras are primarily installed at entrances, exits, and cash registers for identification purposes. Then they are placed inside the premises for general monitoring. Installing cameras in elevators, stairwells, parking lots, and vehicle entry/exit points is also extremely beneficial.
Now let’s turn to the psychological effect of surveillance itself. According to a study by the Urban Institute, conducted in three cities: Baltimore, Chicago, and Washington , as well as a guide for law enforcement written by Arizona State University , it can be confidently stated that video surveillance reduces crime rates.
Video surveillance significantly enhances street safety. When people see that investments are being made in security, they become more alert to their surroundings and more conscientious about following rules.
It can be said with confidence that criminals deliberately avoid areas under surveillance. Knowing they are being watched causes anxiety, they begin to second-guess their actions, feel uneasy, and become more nervous.
This psychological effect changes how risk is perceived: CCTV increases the perceived likelihood of being caught, thereby reducing the motivation to commit offenses.
The Urban Institute study supports these findings and highlights substantial economic benefits. In Chicago, the video surveillance system helped save approximately $12 million per year by preventing crimes, with installation costs of only $8 million. Although initial investments may be high, ongoing maintenance is considerably less expensive. In Baltimore, the installation of just 50 cameras led to a noticeable decrease in crime within the first few months, improving public safety.
Conclusion: Well-designed and maintained, surveillance systems enhance public safety, reduce crime rates, and offer strong economic benefits. As shown in cities like Chicago and Baltimore, even a modest investment in CCTV can result in significant savings and improved community security.
